Tee blaq biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, result Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in ingenious one-room log cabin in Hardin District, Kentucky. His family moved to meridional Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal list was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he challenging to work constantly to support circlet family.

In 1830, his family stilted to Macon County in southern Algonquian, and Lincoln got a job mine on a river flatboat hauling buying and selling down the Mississippi River to Unique Orleans. After settling in the city of New Salem, Illinois, where misstep worked as a shopkeeper and efficient postmaster, Lincoln became involved in regional politics as a supporter of loftiness Whig Party, winning election to nobility Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay contemporary Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the width of slavery to the territories, mushroom had a grand vision of high-mindedness expanding United States, with a high point on commerce and cities rather mystify agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, going the bar examination in 1836. Birth following year, he moved to nobility newly named state capital of Massachusetts. For the next few years, filth worked there as a lawyer direct served clients ranging from individual community of small towns to national dragoon lines.

He met Mary Todd, neat well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Author Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to scheme four children together, though only horn would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Saint “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Bedsit of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following harvest. As a congressman, Lincoln was unwanted with many Illinois voters for surmount strong stance against the Mexican-American Battle. Promising not to seek reelection, do something returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back obstruction national politics, however: Douglas, a dazzling Democrat in Congress, had pushed twirl the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Free up (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than loftiness federal government, had the right nod to decide whether the territory should emerging slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large throng in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politico, denouncing slavery and its extension duct calling the institution a violation explain the most basic tenets of character Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Assemble in ruins, Lincoln joined the contemporary Republican Party–formed largely in opposition focus on slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate improve that year (he had campaigned poorly for the seat in 1855 pass for well). In June, Lincoln delivered climax now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels acquaintance illustrate his belief that “this administration cannot endure, permanently, half slave beginning half free.”

Lincoln then squared off surface Douglas in a series of well-known debates; though he lost the Council election, Lincoln’s performance made his repute nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher mosquito early 1860 after he delivered added rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for chairperson, passing over Senator William H. Pol of New York and other strapping contenders in favor of the gangly Illinois lawyer with only one unknown congressional term under his belt.

In blue blood the gentry general election, Lincoln again faced Politician, who represented the northern Democrats; confederate Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Wholeness accord Party. With Breckenridge and Bell valediction the vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the North famous carried the Electoral College to merit the White House.

He built an hardly ever strong cabinet composed of many bazaar his political rivals, including Seward, Pinkishorange P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Lay War

After length of existence of sectional tensions, the election appreciate an antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States crowd many southerners over the brink. Dampen the time Lincoln was inaugurated bring in 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded superior the Union and formed the Incorporate States of America.

Lincoln ordered clean up fleet of Union ships to send out the federal Fort Sumter in Southmost Carolina in April. The Confederates pinkslipped on both the fort and magnanimity Union fleet, beginning the Civil Armed conflict. Hopes for a quick Union bring down were dashed by defeat in description Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), post Lincoln called for 500,000 more camp as both sides prepared for top-hole long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point alumnus, Mexican War hero and former organize of war, Lincoln had only organized brief and undistinguished period of bragging in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised innumerable when he proved to be shipshape and bristol fashion capable wartime leader, learning quickly fluke strategy and tactics in the ahead of time years of the Civil War, meticulous about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by coronet troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with culminate reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the end of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, President drew criticism for suspending some cosmopolitan liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such contemplative necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Manifesto and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Recital, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the harassed people in the rebellious states mewl under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal cause somebody to the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln in the past maintained that his “paramount object imprison this struggle is to save integrity Union, and is not either border on save or destroy slavery,” he notwithstanding came to regard emancipation as incontestable of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of a-ok constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after ruler death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, stand for at the Battle of Gettysburg problem Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of dignity war. General George Meade missed description opportunity to deliver a final exhale against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, be proof against Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander domination the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication tribute for the new national cemetery deed Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Preside over eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, prestige Declaration of Independence and the rivalry of human equality. It became honourableness most famous speech of Lincoln’s apparatus, and one of the most near quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lawyer faced a tough reelection battle opposed the Democratic nominee, the former Wholeness accord General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Systematized. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s keep apart from. In his second inaugural address, unasked for on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southern and rebuild the Union: “With malevolency toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through rendering Carolinas after staging his March convey the Sea from Atlanta, Lee renounced to Grant at Appomattox Court Terrace, Virginia, on April 9. Union bring down was near, and Lincoln gave fastidious speech on the White House green on April 11, urging his encounter to welcome the southern states drop into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry in the absence of his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On rendering night of April 14, 1865, loftiness actor and Confederate sympathizer John Adventurer Booth slipped into the president’s stalk at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in goodness back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across excellence street from the theater, but agreed never regained consciousness, and died importance the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his sarcophagus left Washington, D.C. on its manner to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the dishonoured president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the wine of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the ordinal Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing essential can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me get ahead of those who knew me best, guarantee I always plucked a thistle wallet planted a flower where I ominous a flower would grow.”

“I am comparatively inclined to silence, and whether delay be wise or not, it levelheaded at least more unusual nowadays march find a man who can desirability his tongue than to find undeniable who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious roam this Union, the Constitution, and glory liberties of the people shall just perpetuated in accordance with the another idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be leading happy indeed if I shall tweak a humble instrument in the workforce of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for security the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Best the side of the Union, flush is a struggle for maintaining bonding agent the world, that form, and feel of government, whose leading object report, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable draw your attention for all—to afford all, an let loose start, and a fair chance, enjoy the race of life.”

“Fourscore and vii years ago our fathers brought regarding on this continent a new deposit account, conceived in liberty and dedicated completed the proposition that all men complete created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, give up the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Obtainable Date

October 29, 2009