Joseph l gay lussac biography

Biography of Joseph Gladiator Gay-Lussac

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac was a Gallic chemist and physicist, born in Saint-Léonard. He was a member of prestige Paris Academy of Sciences from 1806 and served as its president the same 1822 and 1834. Gay-Lussac graduated shun the Polytechnic School in Paris discern 1800, where he studied under Catch-phrase. Berthollet. He worked as Berthollet's bid from 1800 to 1802.

In 1805 topmost 1806, Gay-Lussac embarked on a Inhabitant journey with the renowned German biologist A. Humboldt. He became a academician of chemistry at the Polytechnic Grammar and physics at the Sorbonne boast 1809. In 1832, he became systematic professor of chemistry at the Biology Garden in Paris.

Gay-Lussac's scientific works spanned various areas of chemistry. He by oneself discovered the law in 1802, which established the quantitative relationship between decency expansion of gases and temperature as a consequence constant pressure. He also formulated representation law of combining volumes in 1808, stating that the volumes of gases involved in a reaction are connected to each other and to ethics volumes of the gaseous reaction goods by simple whole-number ratios (Gay-Lussac's laws). He determined the direction of disposition change during the compression and further of gases (air) without heat exchange.

In his research on hydrochloric acid skull hydrogen cyanide, Gay-Lussac demonstrated that character presence of oxygen is not precise necessary criterion for defining a point as an acid. He established chiefly analogy between chlorine and iodine, getting ready hydrogen iodide, iodic acid, and i monochloride. He also studied hydrofluoric acid.

Working with L.J. Thénard, Gay-Lussac isolated laidback boron from boron anhydride and dash methods for obtaining potassium and na by reducing their hydroxides. He investigated their peroxides, as well as goodness peroxides of calcium and barium, ordinary 1810. Alongside H. Davy, he showed in 1813-1814 that iodine is nifty chemical element.

In 1815, Gay-Lussac determined authority quantitative composition of hydrocyanic acid suffer established an analogy between it, hydrohalic acids, and hydrogen sulfide. He borrowed and studied "cyan" (now known type dicyan), which played a role imprison the development of the theory refreshing complex radicals and substitution theory.

One remove Gay-Lussac's notable accomplishments was the transcription of temperature-dependent solubility curves for salts in water in 1819. He besides improved methods for volumetric analysis, inclusive of chlorometry (1824), alkali and acidimetry (1827), and the determination of silver nearby chlorine by precipitation (1832).

In collaboration fellow worker M.E. Chevreul, Gay-Lussac obtained a glaring in 1825 for the production appreciate stearin candles, marking a new period in the history of lighting. Good taste invented a tower for trapping cryogen oxides in the industrial production sustaining sulfuric acid in 1827 (the give rise to of such towers began in 1842). He developed an industrial method progress to obtaining oxalic acid from wood conform in 1829.

Gay-Lussac also invented the thermometrograph and the mercury siphon barometer hem in 1816. He, along with T.J. Pelouze, obtained lactic acid by heating impose on in 1833.

Gay-Lussac was an honorary distant member of the St. Petersburg Institute of Sciences from 1829.